Nursing has been a single
from the noblest professions which have its roots deep down in
humanity. Though profound credit score is often specified to doctors
but nursing is what with no which even medicine and doctors’
efforts all are in vain due to the fact taking care on the patient,
giving medicine on time and keeping check of patient’s vital
metabolic activities aren't the only aid that is certainly provided
by nurses, they supply moral, emotional and psychological aid for the
patient which if provided in proper mannerism can accelerate patient
recovery.
Generally speaking nursing
is all about taking care from the patients. But in 1950’s a single
nurse idea that caring taught in nursing training and used in method
is general for all, irrespective of their ethnic background,
religious beliefs, Norms, life ways and environment. She was
Madeleine Leininger who was in between the first graduate to
accomplish doctorate degree in anthropology and she notion to add new
dimension to nursing by introducing culture relevant caring program
which was introduced being a idea and later mature into a specialized
domain in nursing and identified being as transcultural nursing.
Sharon C. Murphy quotes
Leininger definition of transcultural nursing as
“A substantive area of
find out and process focused on comparative cultural care (caring)
values, beliefs and practices of people or groups of similar or
different cultures. Transcultural nursling’s goal is to supply
culture specific and universal nursing care practices to your
wellness and well-being of individuals or to assist them face adverse
human conditions, illness or death in culturally meaningful ways”
Culture and care has been
associated in nursing in transcultural setting in which care is
provided with accordance to person’s culture. Care based on
Leininger is termed as a powerful and dynamic force to understand the
totality of human behavior in well being and sickness (p 2). Based on
Leininger “Caring is also attributed to actions, attitudes and
practices to aid or assist others toward healing and wellbeing” (p
5)
Culture on the other hand
will be the “broadest, most comprehensive, holistic and universal
feature of individual which comprises with the learned, shared, and
transmitted values, beliefs, norms, and life ways of a particular
culture that guides thinking, decisions, and actions in patterned
ways and always intergenerationally” (Leininger, p 6).
Leininger thought that
owning no cultural knowledge was affecting the quality of nursing
actions and decisions. So nursing in transcultural setting is reliant
on the knowledge for the patient’s culture and cultural attributes.
Transcultural nurses are train to jobs in different culture and to
identify unknown or misunderstood cultures reasons and influencers
which affect caring actions and decisions. Sharon Murphy quotes that
transcultural studies comprises of care symbol, expressions and
meanings and their research is basically studying cultural care and
health concern. Leininger also presented a theory referred to as as
“The Culture Care Theory”. This theory presented the
interdependency between culture and care and emphasized that culture
relevant care helps to enhance the helping system use to facilitate
patient inside the course of their recovery.
Some major construct of
Leininger’s theory are firstly the interdependency between culture
and care, secondly the theories and models are unknown blurred truth
and expressions inside a culture and are pictorial diagram showing
some idea but lack the relationship in between them respectively.
Thirdly the theory is open to discovery of unknown ideas previously
unknown or indistinctive related to cultural care experience of human
well being and welfare. Fourthly the theory encourages ascertaining
numerous aspect of culture and care in naturalistic manner in similar
or a variety of environmental context. Fifth is a new technique of
discovery this sort of cultural values and expressions which is
Ethnonursing procedure and it is define by Leininger as “an open,
natural, and qualitative inquiry mode looking for informants’
ideas, perspectives, and knowledge, and did not control, reduce, or
manipulate culture and care as with quantitative methods(p 2-3).
Now if we contemplate
whether the top quality nursing in transcultural setting is often a
myth or it has some fact behind it then we now have to bring into
consideration that human diversity and its impact upon health
difficulty and human well being are incredibly profound and there
exist succeeding challenges to adjust education and process in
nursing that are cultural congruent and with respect to numerous
belief and values (Ludwick, Silva 2000). It's obvious that every
culture has its very own cultural values and ethics which could be
conflicting with other cultures and thus giving rise to ethical
conflict. In nursing these items obtain value as world progress via
globalization and nurses have been faced with challenge of nursing
patient from alien culture. Some cultures are according to
“individualism” which in accordance with Ludwick and Silva is
defined to be as the capacity of an individual to pull themselves as
much as their bootstraps and some are take into account to become
depending upon collectivism exactly where trustworthiness of a
individual is vested in his family members and friends. So any
wellness decisions and action taken in either culture are going to be
a variety of from the other.
According to Ludwick and
Silva any misunderstanding can result into lack of trust in treatment
along with it can potentially damage patient emotionally, physically
or psychologically. The way to impede these kinds of a case to come
the nursing should be provided in transcultural settings.
Now we must take into
account some true life case studies that will throw light on
regardless of whether transcultural nursing is substantial and it's a
demand of the time thus a truth that can’t be ignored. Some Studies
are pin pointed by Cultural Diversity in Nursing Firm on their
website, I am quoting right here two of them
Chinese Culture Example:
In Chinese based on the internet site it is consider that well being
is really a land where spiritual and physical synchronization with
nature exists. If this balance is disturbed then illness occurs. The
Asian patient was observed to become rarely complaining about their
illness and nurses have to reply on responsive cues to realize them.
Case I: According to the
internet site “A Vietnamese woman was rushed for the hospital by
her adult children. The emergency room personnel found dark red welts
running up her arms, shoulders and chest, yet the only presenting
complaint was dizziness. After questioned, her son stated that he had
rubbed her system with a quarter.
A nurse becomes concerned
once she finds an elderly Chinese patient rubbing him self having a
quarter (she concept he was trying to hurt himself). After she took
the coin away from the patient, he became incredibly upset, grabbed
it back from her and continued to rub his arms and legs, leaving dark
red scratches “.
Now the following there's
a need to understand that coin rubbing is used for healing purpose in
Chinese culture that is certainly not an abuse. During the system of
coin rubbing some red welts do look on a patient’s physique which
distracted the medical staff. The need here is to know that what coin
rubbing is in cultural context as the patient is emotionally and
morally connected with this kind of beliefs, so impede them for it
can cause even heightened stress for patient.
In the end it's now
obvious that quality nursing in transcultural setting isn't a myth,
it's a truth and as globalization takes place and men and women from
different culture move beyond their cultural boundary for wellness
care, top quality nursing in this sort of environment posts a
colossal challenge in front of nurses. This challenge is however can
also be successfully handle by after transcultural theory of
Leininger and other literature studies whose major points had been
formerly mentioned. Transcultural nursing is often a new interactive
technique of budding patient-nurse bilateral relationship which has
much more trust , care , love and humanity vested in it so it is
actually a simple fact in reality it is a future of nursing.
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